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1.
J Surg Oncol ; 124(7): 1154-1160, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34324203

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has become a valuable treatment strategy for selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). In Chile, it is an emerging technique. The aim of this study is to describe our protocol and report our perioperative results. METHODS: A prospectively maintained database for patients undergoing exploratory surgery for PC was reviewed. Eligible patients were selected using the peritoneal cancer index in correlation with the primary tumor. Patients underwent HIPEC using mitomycin C. Clinical data and postoperative results were analyzed. RESULTS: Seventy-six patients underwent exploratory surgery. Most patients were female (55%) with a median age of 62 years (range, 25-83). Complete CRS and HIPEC were achieved in 53 patients. The most frequent primary tumor site was colon-rectum (49%). The median number of resected organs was 4 (range, 1-13). Overall 90-day incidence of major complications was 26%. After a median follow-up of 26 months, 44 patients (83%) in the resected group were alive with no evidence of disease. CONCLUSIONS: The PC treatment program at our institution has been established in a safe manner, with acceptable morbidity comparable to high-volume centers. A comprehensive preoperative evaluation, careful patient selection, and a cohesive team are necessary for successful results.


Subject(s)
Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion , Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures , Hyperthermia, Induced , Peritoneal Neoplasms/therapy , Program Evaluation , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage , Chile , Developing Countries , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mitomycin/administration & dosage , Peritoneal Neoplasms/mortality , Prospective Studies
2.
J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth ; 20(6): 768-71, 2006 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17138077

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to test if parameters measured by intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) could be useful to evaluate the hemodynamic status of high-risk cardiovascular patients and if this information was sufficient to make changes in intraoperative management. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. SETTING: Single-university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-eight patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Every patient was assessed with a baseline examination of 2-dimensional, color, pulsed, and continuous Doppler images. Intraoperative changes in any of the evaluated and measured parameters led to a specific change according to the protocol. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: After continuous monitoring with TEE during surgery, all patients were assigned to 1 of the following groups: (1) TEE was of no use, (2) TEE-directed intraoperative management changes, (3) intraoperative TEE-directed changes in postoperative management, and (4) TEE successfully used as a substitute for pulmonary artery catheter monitoring. Two patients (2%) were assigned to group 1, 47 (48%) patients to group 2, 25 (25%) patients to group 3, and 24 (24%) patients to group 4. The most frequent modifications in intraoperative management were changes in drug therapy and fluid administration. Postoperative management changes were mostly made because of new diagnosis (14%) and new left ventricular wall motion abnormalities (9%). CONCLUSION: These results strongly suggest that objective measurements made by intraoperative TEE are effective in unveiling relevant clinical findings and useful information in high-risk patients undergoing noncardiac surgery.


Subject(s)
Abdomen/surgery , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/statistics & numerical data , Intraoperative Care/instrumentation , Monitoring, Intraoperative/instrumentation , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Blood Pressure , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Female , Heart Rate , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Monitoring, Intraoperative/methods , Odds Ratio , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Risk Assessment
3.
Rev. chil. anest ; 35(3): 181-186, dic. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-567030

ABSTRACT

El fenómeno de movimiento sistólico anormal de la válvula mitral (SAM) es una entidad clínica poco reconocida como causa de hipotensión arterial sistémica aguda intraoperatoria durante cirugía no cardíaca. Con el advenimiento de la ecocardiografía transesofágica intraoperatoria (ETE), que permite obtener imágenes anatómicas y funcionales cardíacas en tiempo real, este fenómeno dinámico se ha hecho evidente. Su etiología aunque poco clara, se piensa se debe a cambios morfológicos y funcionales del ventrículo izquierdo que permiten el desplazamiento del anillo valvular mitral lo que facilita que uno o ambos velos sean arrastrados hacia el tracto de salida del ventrículo izquierdo, obstruyéndolo. La importancia que tiene su diagnóstico y reconocimiento como causa de hipotensión durante el intraoperatorio de una cirugía no cardíaca cardíaca es que su tratamiento se basa en el aporte de volumen y a la utilización preferencial de betabloqueadores. La ETE intraoperatoria permite la oportunidad única de visualizar los resultados de la terapia, ver cómo aumenta el tamaño del ventrículo izquierdo aportando volumen y evitando que éste se encuentre en un estado hiperdinámico utilizando betabloqueadores. Se presenta el siguiente caso clínico ocurrido durante una cirugía no cardíaca donde el manejo y la evolución dependieron de las imágenes diagnósticas de SAM aportadas por la ETE.


Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve (SAM) is an under-recognized cause of acute severe perioperative hypotension during noncardiac surgery. With the introduction of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to the operating room real time 2D images permits to diagnose these specific dynamic entity. Obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract can be explain because of morphologic and functional changes of mitral annulus and then the anterior mitral valve leaflet is swept towards the septum by the drag. Clinical importance of diagnosing acute intraoperative SAM causing hypotension is the change in therapy, which is based in volume and beta blockers. TEE permits to guide therapy and see how ventricular volumen change and hyperdynamic status ends with the use of beta blockers. In this case report ocurred during noncardiac surgery SAM was diagnosed and treated guided by the images of intraoperative TEE.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/methods , Heart Valve Diseases/surgery , Heart Valve Diseases/physiopathology , Mitral Valve/surgery , Mitral Valve/physiopathology , Heart Valve Diseases , Monitoring, Intraoperative , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction/physiopathology , Ventricular Outflow Obstruction , Surgical Procedures, Operative , Systole , Mitral Valve
4.
Dolor ; 15(45): 8-12, sep. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-677743

ABSTRACT

El adecuado tratamiento del dolor agudo postoperatorio es un desafío actual y real. La utilización de analgesia preventiva con ketamina puede ser de alta utilidad, ya que prevendría la sensibilización central mediada por receptores n-metil-diaspartato (NMDA). Objetivo: evaluar el uso preincisión de colecistectomías laparoscópicas de 0,15 mg/kg de ketamina EV. Resultados: en 84 pacientes adultos con edad promedio de 52 +/- 9 años se logró una disminución significativa del dolor postoperatorio con el uso de ketamina EV preoperatoria. La evaluación visual análoga (EVA) de dolor fue significativamente menor en las 72 horas postoperatorias estudiadas. La cantidad de analgésico de rescate (morfina) consumida fue significativamente menor en el grupo que recibió ketamina siendo en promedio de 1,7 mg/por paciente en 24 horas versus el grupo que recibió placebo, que fue de 4,2 mg/por paciente en 24 horas (p<0.01). No se registraron episodios de malos recuerdos intraoperatorios y agitación en el despertar anestésico en ninguno de los grupos. La incidencia de náuseas y vómitos no tuvo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los enfermos. El grado de satisfacción fue en general muy bueno y bueno en ambos grupos y no se evidenció diferencias entre ambos, pero los únicos dos casos que evaluaron su analgesia como mala se ubicaron en el grupo que recibió placebo. Con respecto a incidencia de pesadillas o alucinaciones, ningún paciente refirió haberlas presentado hasta 14 días postoperatorios. Conclusión: el uso de dosis bajas de ketamina EV en el preoperatorio de colecistectomías laparoscópicas es altamente recomendable, ya que proporciona una buena calidad analgésica, disminuyendo la necesidad de utilizar fármacos de rescate.


Backround: Treating acute postoperative pain is challenging. Preemptive analgesia with ketamine can be useful as it prevents central sensibilitation inhibiting NMDA receptors. Objective: To test a pre insision dose of 0.15 mg/kg ketamine during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Results: 84 patients were studied divided in two groups; group ketamine and group placebo. Acute postoperative pain was significantely lower in the ketamine group. VAS scores were lower for the 72 postoperative hours studied in patients receiving ketamine. Rescue analgesia (morphine) was 1.7 mg/patient for 24 hours in the ketamine group comparing it with the control group which was 4.2 mg/patient in 24 hours (p<0.01). Postoperative agitation, bad recalls or nightmares were absent in both groups. Postoperative nausea or vomiting had no difference comparing the groups. Patient satisfaction was evaluated good and very good by the mayority of them. There were two cases evaluating analgesic treatment as not good. Both received placebo. Conclusion: Preoperative ketamine was useful because it prometed good analgesia and because it lower the use of rescue analgesia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Analgesia/methods , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Ketamine/administration & dosage , Ketamine/therapeutic use , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic/methods , Preoperative Care/methods
6.
Rev. chil. anest ; 27(2): 43-71, nov. 1998. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-269484

ABSTRACT

Por tratarse de un procedimiento invasivo la punción venosa central no está exenta de complicaciones tanto locales como generales. Existe una población de pacientes portadores de patología coronaria, que tienen indicación absoluta de infusión de heparina para lograr anticoagulación total y que debe ser mantenida incluso hasta la llegada del paciente a pabellón. Se estudió una muestra de pacientes (n=72) sometidos a cirugía cardiovascular con circulación extracorpórea (CEC) y con indicación de Swan Ganz en un período de 15 meses en forma prospectiva. Se evaluó entonces la incidencia de complicaciones locales, esto es presencia de hematomaas y hemorragias, al realizar la punción central, postcec y 24 horas postoperatorio en un gupo de pacientes (n=42) sometidos a infusión de heparina hasta su llegada a pabellón comparándola con la incidencia de complicaciones de un grupo de pacientes que no recibió heparina ev (n=32) en ningún momento del preoperatorio. No se encontró diferencias estadísticas en las complicaciones entre ambos grupos


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Extracorporeal Circulation/methods , Heparin/administration & dosage , Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures/methods
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